Weekly Guideline "AHA/ACC Scientific Statement Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Task Force 4: Congenital Heart Disease"

"AHA/ACC Scientific Statement
Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities:
Task Force 4: Congenital Heart Disease"


http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/132/22/e281.full 

CIRC - "Physical Activity and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Older Adults The Cardiovascular Health Study"

"Physical Activity and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Older Adults The Cardiovascular Health Study"

"Conclusions—These data provide empirical evidence supporting PA recommendations, in particular, walking, to reduce the incidence of CVD among older adults."

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/133/2/147.abstract

Lancet - "Continued versus discontinued cannabis use in patients with psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"

"Continued versus discontinued cannabis use in patients with psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"

"Interpretation

Continued cannabis use after onset of psychosis predicts adverse outcome, including higher relapse rates, longer hospital admissions, and more severe positive symptoms than for individuals who discontinue cannabis use and those who are non-users. These findings point to reductions in cannabis use as a crucial interventional target to improve outcome in patients with psychosis."

http://lancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(15)00363-6/abstract

NEJM - "A Randomized Trial of Low-Cost Mesh in Groin Hernia Repair"

"A Randomized Trial of Low-Cost Mesh in Groin Hernia Repair"

"CONCLUSIONS

Rates of hernia recurrence and postoperative complications did not differ significantly between men undergoing hernia repair with low-cost mesh and those undergoing hernia repair with commercial mesh. (Funded by the Swedish Research Council and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN20596933.)"

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1505126?query=featured_home

JAMA - "Association Between Use of Oral Fluconazole During Pregnancy and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion and Stillbirth"

"Association Between Use of Oral Fluconazole During Pregnancy and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion and Stillbirth"

"Conclusions and Relevance  In this nationwide cohort study in Denmark, use of oral fluconazole in pregnancy was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of spontaneous abortion compared with risk among unexposed women and women with topical azole exposure in pregnancy. Until more data on the association are available, cautious prescribing of fluconazole in pregnancy may be advisable. Although the risk of stillbirth was not significantly increased, this outcome should be investigated further."

http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2480487 

Weekly Guideline "AHA/ACC Scientific Statement Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Task Force 3: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and Other Cardiomyopathies, and Myocarditis"

"AHA/ACC Scientific Statement
Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities:
Task Force 3: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and Other Cardiomyopathies, and Myocarditis"


http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/132/22/e273.full

CIRC - (REVIEW) "Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity A Comprehensive Review"

"Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity
A Comprehensive Review"

"Abstract
Suboptimal nutrition is a leading cause of poor health. Nutrition and policy science have advanced rapidly, creating confusion yet also providing powerful opportunities to reduce the adverse health and economic impacts of poor diets. This review considers the history, new evidence, controversies, and corresponding lessons for modern dietary and policy priorities for cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Major identified themes include the importance of evaluating the full diversity of diet-related risk pathways, not only blood lipids or obesity; focusing on foods and overall diet patterns, rather than single isolated nutrients; recognizing the complex influences of different foods on long-term weight regulation, rather than simply counting calories; and characterizing and implementing evidence-based strategies, including policy approaches, for lifestyle change. Evidence-informed dietary priorities include increased fruits, nonstarchy vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, vegetable oils, yogurt, and minimally processed whole grains; and fewer red meats, processed (eg, sodium-preserved) meats, and foods rich in refined grains, starch, added sugars, salt, and trans fat. More investigation is needed on the cardiometabolic effects of phenolics, dairy fat, probiotics, fermentation, coffee, tea, cocoa, eggs, specific vegetable and tropical oils, vitamin D, individual fatty acids, and diet-microbiome interactions. Little evidence to date supports the cardiometabolic relevance of other popular priorities: eg, local, organic, grass-fed, farmed/wild, or non–genetically modified. Evidence-based personalized nutrition appears to depend more on nongenetic characteristics (eg, physical activity, abdominal adiposity, gender, socioeconomic status, culture) than genetic factors. Food choices must be strongly supported by clinical behavior change efforts, health systems reforms, novel technologies, and robust policy strategies targeting economic incentives, schools and workplaces, neighborhood environments, and the food system. Scientific advances provide crucial new insights on optimal targets and best practices to reduce the burdens of diet-related cardiometabolic diseases."


http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/133/2/187.full

BMJ - "Pre-pregnancy potato consumption and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: prospective cohort study"

BMJ -
"Pre-pregnancy potato consumption and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: prospective cohort study"

"What this paper adds Higher levels of potato consumption before pregnancy are associated with greater risk of GDM, and substitution of potatoes with other vegetables, legumes, or whole grain foods might lower the risk."


http://www.bmj.com/content/352/bmj.h6898

NEJM - (REVIEW) "Relationship between Nonmedical Prescription-Opioid Use and Heroin Use"

REVIEW: "Relationship between Nonmedical Prescription-Opioid Use and Heroin Use"

"The nonmedical use of prescription opioids is a major public health issue in the United States, both because of the overall high prevalence and because of marked increases in associated morbidity and mortality.1 In 2014, a total of 10.3 million persons reported using prescription opioids nonmedically (i.e., using medications that were not prescribed for them or were taken only for the experience or feeling that they caused).2 Emergency department visits involving misuse or abuse of prescription opioids increased 153% between 2004 and 2011, and admissions to substance-abuse treatment programs linked to prescription opioids more than quadrupled between 2002 and 2012.3,4Most troubling, between 2000 and 2014 the rates of death from prescription-opioid overdose nearly quadrupled (from 1.5 to 5.9 deaths per 100,000 persons) (Figure 1)."

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra1508490?query=featured_home

JAMA "Frozen vs Fresh Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Clinical Resolution of Diarrhea in Patients With Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection"

"Frozen vs Fresh Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Clinical Resolution of Diarrhea in Patients With Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection"

"Conclusions and Relevance  Among adults with recurrent or refractory CDI, the use of frozen compared with fresh FMT did not result in worse proportion of clinical resolution of diarrhea. Given the potential advantages of providing frozen FMT, its use is a reasonable option in this setting."

http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2481003 

Weekly Guideline "AHA/ACC Scientific Statement Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Task Force 2: Preparticipation Screening for Cardiovascular Disease in Competitive Athletes"

Weekly Guideline

"AHA/ACC Scientific Statement Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Task Force 2: Preparticipation Screening for Cardiovascular Disease in Competitive Athletes"

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/132/22/e267.full

JACC "Coronary CT Angiography for Suspected ACS in the Era of High-Sensitivity Troponins"

JACC
 "Coronary CT Angiography for Suspected ACS in the Era of High-Sensitivity Troponins"

"Conclusions
 CCTA, applied early in the work-up of suspected ACS, is safe and associated with less outpatient testing and lower costs. However, in the era of hs-troponins, CCTA does not identify more patients with significant CAD requiring coronary revascularization, shorten hospital stay, or allow for more direct discharge from the ED. (Better Evaluation of Acute Chest Pain with Computed Tomography Angiography [BEACON]; NCT01413282)"


http://content.onlinejacc.org/article.aspx?articleID=2479881

Lancet "Cannabidiol in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy: an open-label interventional trial"

Lancet
"Cannabidiol in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy: an open-label interventional trial"

"Interpretation

Our findings suggest that cannabidiol might reduce seizure frequency and might have an adequate safety profile in children and young adults with highly treatment-resistant epilepsy. Randomised controlled trials are warranted to characterise the safety profile and true efficacy of this compound."

http://lancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422(15)00379-8/abstract

NEJM "A Trial of Wound Irrigation in the Initial Management of Open Fracture Wounds"

NEJM
"A Trial of Wound Irrigation in the Initial Management of Open Fracture Wounds"

"CONCLUSIONS

The rates of reoperation were similar regardless of irrigation pressure, a finding that indicates that very low pressure is an acceptable, low-cost alternative for the irrigation of open fractures. The reoperation rate was higher in the soap group than in the saline group. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; FLOW ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00788398.)"

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1508502?query=featured_home

JAMA - "Effect of Caloric Restriction or Aerobic Exercise Training on Peak Oxygen Consumption and Quality of Life in Obese Older Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction"

JAMA
"Effect of Caloric Restriction or Aerobic Exercise Training on Peak Oxygen Consumption and Quality of Life in Obese Older Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction"

"Conclusions and Relevance  Among obese older patients with clinically stable HFPEF, caloric restriction or aerobic exercise training increased peak V̇o2, and the effects may be additive. Neither intervention had a significant effect on quality of life as measured by the MLHF Questionnaire."
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2480484

Weekly Guideline - "AHA/ACC Scientific Statement Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Task Force 1: Classification of Sports: Dynamic, Static, and Impact"

"AHA/ACC Scientific Statement
Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities:
Task Force 1: Classification of Sports: Dynamic, Static, and Impact"


http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/132/22/e262

CIRC - "Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Associated With Low Cardiovascular Mortality With Contemporary Management Strategies"

 "Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Associated With Low Cardiovascular Mortality With Contemporary Management Strategies"

"Conclusions—In a large hospital-based cohort of young HCM patients, representing an age group considered at greatest risk, low mortality rates can be achieved with the application of contemporary cardiovascular treatment strategies, largely because of reliable identification of high-risk patients who benefited from implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for sudden death prevention, thereby creating the opportunity for extended longevity and good quality of life."

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/133/1/62.abstract

BMJ - "Nosocomial transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China: epidemiological investigation"

"Nosocomial transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China: epidemiological investigation"

"What this study adds
Nosocomial H7N9 transmission might be possible between two unrelated individuals. Surveillance on patients with influenza-like illness in hospitals as well as chickens in live poultry markets should be enhanced to monitor transmissibility and pathogenicity of the virus."

http://www.bmj.com/content/351/bmj.h5765  

NEJM - "Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV Genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 Infection"

"Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV Genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 Infection"

"CONCLUSIONS

Once-daily sofosbuvir–velpatasvir for 12 weeks provided high rates of sustained virologic response among both previously treated and untreated patients infected with HCV genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6, including those with compensated cirrhosis. (Funded by Gilead Sciences; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02201940.)"    

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1512610?query=featured_home

JAMA - "Autologous Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation for Refractory Crohn Disease"

"Autologous Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation for Refractory Crohn Disease"

"Conclusions and Relevance  Among adult patients with refractory Crohn disease not amenable to surgery who had impaired quality of life, HSCT, compared with conventional therapy, did not result in a statistically significant improvement in sustained disease remission at 1 year and was associated with significant toxicity. These findings do not support the widespread use of HSCT for patients with refractory Crohn disease."

http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2475462

Weekly Guideline - "AHA Scientific Statement The Agenda for Familial Hypercholesterolemia"

"AHA Scientific Statement
The Agenda for Familial Hypercholesterolemia"  

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/132/22/2167